In 2011, Virginia Euwer
Wolff, author of six novels for young readers, won the Phoenix Award for The Mozart Season (1991). The Mozart Season is the story of twelve-year-old violinist Allegra Shapiro who spends her summer preparing to play in a Mozart concerto competition. The Mozart Season also has the distinction of being my favorite book.
Corresponding with and interviewing Wolff for Crenshaw Seeds has been a very special experience. Not only did she answer my questions; she also asked me questions about my life and work. I am grateful to her for the time and interest that she devoted to me and my writing endeavors.
During our correspondence, Wolff asked me if I could identify a special book that I had read when I was young and trace its influence
through my life. This was my answer:
The Mozart Season was given to me when I
was twelve, the same age as Allegra, and I remember thinking that, because of that book, twelve should be a very important
year. For me, it was. I had just made a burst of progress on the violin, thanks to private lessons, which made me feel like anything was possible. I was obsessed with playing the Bach Double Concerto. Allegra inspired me as a violinist. I had also started taking ballet lessons with a new
teacher, and so these two areas of my life, music and dance, were
blossoming.
 |
| Friends of my dad's gave me The Mozart Season. |
The book became very personal to me. I
could imagine it unfolding in my house and Allegra practicing on my
screen porch. I listened to the concerto that Allegra plays in the book (Mozart's Fourth Violin Concerto in D-Major) and hung up a print of Chagall's Green Violinist, the painting in Allegra's music room.
The Mozart Season's greatest gift to me was the concept of seasons in life. Allegra plays softball in the spring and violin in the summer. It comforted me to read about a character who did things in phases and who was so passionate, with a child's seriousness, about everything she did ("Everything matters."). Maybe it helped me accept the way I love many different things (music, ballet, French) yet also do them "off and on" and am not a professional at any of them, save writing.
Throughout
The Mozart Season, Allegra learns words to describe her world and notes them on a list for school. One of Allegra’s new words is ‘tenacity,’ which, her violin teacher tells her, means “holding on when it would be more comfortable to let go.” It’s a concept built into
The Mozart Season, which Wolff says was her hardest book to write.
By the way: That Mozart Season, so daunting, was a hugely valuable experience in so many ways, and one of them was this: Knowing I was incapable of writing the book and was keeping at it anyway, I kept drawing a triangle on a piece of paper: Deirdre, Mr. Trouble, Allegra. Those 3 points. Knowing there was some kind of connective tissue holding them together. [APT: Deirdre is a troubled opera singer and friend of Allegra's mother; Mr. Trouble is a homeless man who loves music and dances at outdoor concerts.] Probably that repeated triangle (on yellow legal pads, on envelopes, on the car clipboard, in margins of things) has been more of a help than I've given it credit for being. It showed (maybe a bit like a lab experiment that keeps failing) that tenacity would turn out to be my greatest strength as an anything: as a fiction writer, as a 2nd violinist, as a mom.
And I now have a template of hardness: "I finished The Mozart Season; I can finish whatever this difficult thing is." - VEW
The Phoenix Award, given to a children's book that did not win an award when first published 20 years earlier, seems particularly appropriate for this book. It hung on, and look what happened.
Another
of Allegra’s new words is ‘empathy,’ or putting yourself in other people's shoes, a definition I learned from To Kill A Mockingbird. In her six novels for children, Wolff tells stories from the perspectives of
many characters who are very different from each other: Nick, a teenage
boy with a learning disability (Probably Still Nick Swansen, 1988, 2002); LaVaughn, a teenage girl living in poverty who gets a job babysitting the kids of Jolly, a single mother, batted around by life, who is only three years older than she is (Make Lemonade trilogy, 1993-2009); Allegra, a talented 12-year-old violinist (The Mozart Season, 1991, 2007); two sixth-grade softball teams preparing, in 1949, to play against each
other and whose 21 members take turns
narrating the story (Bat 6, 1998). Wolff is
adept at putting herself in other people’s shoes, to the extent that after reading her novels, I wondered what her own
writer’s voice was and what her shoes were like.
In
her essays, her email correspondence with me and this interview, I’ve had the
privilege of finding out a little bit about Virginia Euwer Wolff writing as herself. Her characters make cameo appearances in her own
narration—or maybe she makes them in her novels. The voice is empathetic,
always.
- Katie Crenshaw/APT
 |
| Virginia Euwer Wolff. Photo Credit: Sonya Sones. |
Virginia Euwer Wolff is the winner of many prizes, including the National Book Award, in 2001, for
True Believer, the second book in the
Make Lemonade trilogy. She plays the
violin and writes in Oregon.
Why do you write fiction? Why don’t you use your own writer’s voice more,
either as an omniscient third-person narrator or as a nonfiction author?
Good question. I don't feel at all
confident of my voice as "omniscient" (such an odd concept, isn't
it?) narrator. And, actually, the second sentence of Catcher
in the Rye is an apt
explanation. I do like to try the essay form at times, though. I
think a good reason to write fiction is that a truth can slide into the story
without raising its voice to the level of sermon or polemics.
In the
first place that stuff bores me, and in the second place, my parents would have
about two hemorrhages apiece if I told anything pretty personal about them. - J.D. Salinger
Why did you give many of the kids in Bat 6 poor grammar? Did you think about
the irony of writing a novel narrated by characters who are not particularly
good writers? For example, here's Darlene, one of the many narrators of Bat 6:
But then there was sunny days too at times and Coach would send us out running to condition our bodies and get endurance. He did not run with us on account of he is getting along in years.
Ah, the grammar in Bat
6:
I selected their syntax very carefully. I tried to get up against
their jawbones, to listen meticulously to the way they spoke. These kids
live in the hinterland [APT: 'hinterland' is another of Allegra’s words, by the way];
there's no television yet; lots of the families have rather a
hardscrabble life and not much education. ...* These kids learn to speak from their parents; their
mothers are their role models (which is also why the girls are inclined toward
a gossipy turn of mind), and grammar isn't a huge priority with most of them.
Aki speaks the most flawless grammar, as I'm sure you noticed. [APT: Aki is Japanese.] Further, in country towns of this kind, perfect grammar tends to be
ridiculed. (I can't count the times...) ... I don't think any of my narrators or
characters is a novelist. I don't expect that of them. I hope each
book is about interesting persons, but not necessariy about writers. As a
matter of holding to my own set of language standards, though, I will point out
here that never, ever in anything I've written has a character replied,
"Whatever." Never, ever. (In the book I'm working on, I
might actually do that. But it will require of me a huge leap backward.)
*[APT: ... indicates I have omitted something from Wolff's original response in order to keep the interview moving along.]
You grew up the daughter of educated parents in a big house on an orchard. How
did you learn what it was like to be LaVaughn, the protagonist of the Make Lemonade trilogy, who grew up in a city housing
project with a mother who, although she abstractly valued education,
hadn’t had much herself?
Just after college I lived in New York.
Hell's Kitchen, Queens, the Upper West Side. Their sonic, visual,
and olfactory impact has stayed with me. But from early childhood on I've
been a lucky girl in that I've known extremely poor people and extremely rich
people. For instance, the workers who did the hard labor in all weathers in
our orchard; the ditch-walker whose job it was to walk miles and miles and
miles of the irrigation ditch--also in all weathers--to check for leaks, beaver
dams, eroded banks. (Many more examples available on request.) And
everybody in my family worked hard. My father (a Princeton graduate) gave
up lawyering in Pittsburgh to clear land and plant an orchard in Oregon.
When he died, my mother (a Reed College sociology major and a fine
pianist) ran the orchard by herself. I don't think I knew any kids beyond
about seventh grade who didn't have summer jobs, and I don't remember dating
any boys in high school who had completely clean fingernails.
...
Somehow our mother made it clear to us
that the only thing that separated us from the poor-grammar-and-too-little-dental-care
kids was in our set of opportunities. An incomparable lesson.
Lots of us country kids went on to
college and cleaned up our fingernails, our math and history skills, and found
out how much we didn't know. I for one knew I was lucky. Just HOW
lucky? That wouldn't occur to me for decades, when Jolly and her adorable and
dripping children came into my mind. But it was because of my advantages
that I was able to approach that book, because I had seen Pirandello's Six
Characters in Search of an Author off-Broadway and it caused
readers' theatre to stick in my mind, and eventually the threads came together.
Years later.
…
When we are going about getting our
liberal arts education we spend a lot of time and energy finding out how wrong
we are. It's a privilege that the uneducated don't get. I try never
to forget that.
In working on Jolly's and LaVaughn's
story, I knew the experience of being poor in spirit, overwhelmed by the
presence of tiny, precious lives, panicked that I might be doing motherhood all
wrong, fearful of failure. At those times absolutely nothing seemed
to separate Jolly from me. Only because I live in words--have done so
since early childhood--am I able, on lucky days, to find some language for some
of that.
In your 2011 lecture upon winning the NSK Neustadt Prize for Children's Literature, you say that children's literature is often about "the moment of the fork" in life's journey, the point at which the path splits and people have to choose one direction over another. Where was the fork in your life?
Oh, gosh: So many! But the one
that had the most directorial effect was the summer of my 16th birthday.
I misbehaved so remarkably that my widowed mother saw only one option:
Send that girl to boarding school, let them turn her back into the darling
daughter who used to be so easy to love. Not entirely unrelated: I had
also begun reading substantial books. So I left home with my suitcase,
the violin and the typewriter she had recently bought for me, and from there I
went farther away, and farther, and decades later came back home with some
comeuppance and some earned seriousness and much better manners. By then,
my mother was in dementia and could no longer play the Handel piano and violin
sonatas we had played together when I was a teenager. (By the way, my
misbehavior was purely 1950s. We postwar kids did not do sex or drugs.
Instead we did alcohol, nicotine, foul language, and vast amounts of
necking). What occurred to me many years later is that my mother would
have adored having a child of hers be an author; she just couldn't abide the
horribly awkward steps I was going through en route to turning into one.
Motherhood ain't easy.
Are you inspired to write about
people you know, à la Harriet the Spy? Doing so runs the risk of angering the people in
question, again, à la Harriet. Have you navigated that territory? I ask
because on the "writing" page of your website, you tell people to be careful whom they show their
writing to and cite H. the S.
No. My family is off limits.
My friends are off limits. Like a lot of fiction writers, I tend
to use single traits or gestures from people I've known, infusing them into
fictional characters. So far, nobody has seemed to catch me at it.
What I do openly is give my characters some things from myself. For
instance, I'm kind of a loner, and I've given each of my protagonists a bedroom
of his/her own, in which to do private thinking. (One girl in Bat 6 does
not have her own bedroom and she mopes a bit about it .) I did base one
teacher loosely on a teacher I had had, and I did it as a tribute, and by the
time I did it she was elderly and appreciative, and Oregon-style modest, in
that she said she hadn't done anything special, just tried to be a good
teacher. When I advise people to choose very carefully whom to show their
writers' notebooks to, I think of the looks of a.) scorn, b.) indifference, c.)
artificial interest that I've learned to avoid. In fact, I never show my
drafts to anyone except my editor. (I cite Harriet the Spy because she's
such a vivid example.)
 |
| Marc Chagall's the Green Violinist hangs in Allegra's music room, my childhood bedroom, and the Guggenheim Museum. Image from www.wikipaintings.org. |
Your morning routine involves practicing the violin, then writing while listening to music. Do you love music more than words?
Probably. When the unspeakable or
the indescribable occurs, I usually go to music rather than to poetry or
sculpture or prayer.
Do you believe that the emotions of music transcend those of real life?
That's a strong way of putting it, but
yes, I think I do. When we think of the greatest moments of Bach, Brahms,
Mahler, Mozart, we willingly let them say what we can't. And the sexiness
of Dvorak's chamber music: Rarely can any of us convey that in real life.
(Or maybe I just haven't met the right people.) And the profundity
and the merriment in Beethoven: Sometimes I just listen to his first piano
concerto and stare out the window and wait for those spine-resonant cascading
scales and I know for a few moments that life has nothing more endearing to
offer. One of my goals is to play, with some degree of amateur
competence, the second violin part of every movement of every quartet he
(Beethoven) ever wrote. (I've been working on that project with three
friends: a homeopath, a circuit board maker, and a midwife.) His late
quartets provide us with a journey down into the well of profundity that I can't
imagine experiencing any other way. But my man is Brahms. The German
Requiem can be the
healer for whatever ails me, and it gives me excellent cries in the bargain.
I'm not likely ever to find language to say any of this.
When my father died I was 5 years old.
Brahms' First Symphony became my own personal music (we had a wind-up
Victrola). Decades later, the Sibelius Violin Concerto became mine
(although I've never played it). And later, "Eleanor Rigby"
came unbidden into my mind in a silent apartment and provided the sound track
for my first book for young readers. (But the song isn't mentioned in the
book, just as the skeleton doesn't show through muscle and skin.) After September 11, I bought
Helene Grimaud's CD of Brahms' Opus 117 Intermezzi. They got me through
that winter. I don't know how to paraphrase or interpret any of these
events.
And I know about the 20th century partly
through Shostakovich. No adequate words for that, either.
Is it that the sumptuousness--at the
Brahms extreme--and the purity of the straight line--I'm thinking of Arvo
Pärt's Spiegel im Spiegel--say what we
would if we could? Answer questions that we've been fumbling toward
figuring out how to ask? Give us lessons in how to live if only we could
reach through the veil?
And I'm sad to say that I really do see
the truth in the remark that's attributed to Aaron Copland: "If a literary
man puts together two words about music, one of them will be wrong."
Would you call the perspective-taking of fiction writing empathy?
I hope so.
From
The Mozart Season:
When the orchestra started to play the second half of the concert, the same dancing man from before started dancing. He had his same clothes on. He danced the same dance, forward and back and around, and he had the same concentrating look on his face. Some people watched him, some people pointed at him, some people didn't pay any attention to him at all. Just like before.
Deirdre stared at him and let out a loud whisper. "Aaaahhhh." Then she whispered, "Why on earth doesn't somebody dance with that man?"
Nobody said anything. My mother and two of her friends just sat there.
"Well, why doesn't somebody?"
I shrugged my shoulders. "I don't know," I said.